Modeling & Simulation is the process of using a variety of media, both physical and digital, to determine how well a design idea will perform as well as to communicate a design idea to others. Sophistication in this process requires knowledge related to (a) creating scaled physical models, (b) developing computational simulations, (c) establishing mathematical models, (d) collecting data through destructive testing and failure analysis, and (e) design validation through calculations. This core concept is important to the practice of Quantitative Analysis as modeling and simulating actual events, products, structures, or conditions through mathematical, physical, and graphical/computer models helps engineering professionals to predict the effectiveness of their solutions prior to producing a high-fidelity prototype which can save valuable resources (time, materials, money, etc.).